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  • Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in user_node_load() (line 3699 of /home/pharmaprnet/public_html/modules/user/user.module).

Intoxication alimentaire

  • Par : Pharmapresse

  • Tags :

Une intoxication alimentaire est une maladie, souvent infectieuse et accidentelle, contractée à la suite de l'ingestion de nourriture ou de boisson contaminées par des agents pathogènes qu’il s’agisse de bactéries, virus, parasites ou de prions.

Très fréquentes, surtout en été, les intoxications alimentaires peuvent effrayer par la violence de leurs symptômes. Bien qu'elles puissent effectivement être graves, la plupart d'entre elles restent bénignes.

Causes :

L’intoxication peut être due à une contamination des aliments par :

  • Le botulisme (Clostridium botulinum)
  • Associé à une entérite à Campylobacter
  • Le choléra
  • Associé à E. coli entérite
  • Empoisonnement du poisson contaminé
  • Listeria
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Les intoxications alimentaires peuvent également être causées par l’ingestion de substances toxiques comme les champignons vénéneux ou  des baies et plantes toxiques.

Symptômes :

  • Fièvre.
  • Diarrhées ;
  • Nausées,
  • Vomissements ;
  • Crampes et des douleurs abdominales ;
  • Déshydratation ;
  • Fatigue intense ;

Diagnostic :

  • Signes cliniques : généralement suffisamment évocateurs
  • Réalisation d’une coproculture

Traitements :

Le traitement d'une intoxication alimentaire dépend de sa cause et de sa gravité. Soit une simple réhydratation suffira, soit il faudra mettre en place un traitement médicamenteux composé d’antidiarrhéique, d’antispasmodiques ou d’antibiotiques.